Corns and calluses are thickened, hardened areas of skin that generally arise due to friction or pressure. They commonly manifest on the feet but can also emerge on hands and other body parts. If untreated, they can lead to significant discomfort.

While corns and calluses are the usual results of pressure and friction, they possess distinct characteristics. Corns are typically rounded and raised, with a clearly defined centre that can sometimes appear harder or softer or translucent with a whitish or yellowish hue. In contrast, calluses present themselves as flatter, spread-out areas of skin. They can be rough, dry, and usually take on a greyish or yellowish colour.

Location is not usually a distinguishing factor. Corns and calluses commonly develop on the toes (even under the nails) and soles of the feet, including under the heels or balls. They can also form on the palms of hands or even on knees, often due to repeated pressure or friction on a specific area, such as from frequent walking in ill-fitting shoes or repeated use of hand tools.

In terms of sensation, corns, with their central core pressing into deeper tissues, can be quite painful when pressed. Calluses, however, are usually painless but might become tender if they grow particularly thick.

To complicate matters, fungal skin infection can also contribute to corn and callus formation. So it is important to get that checked and dealt with in order to achieve best results and most comfort for your feet.